Medical Risk Assessment

Overview

The Medical Risk Assessment module in HCG AI provides a quantitative analysis of first-trimester pregnancy viability. By correlating biochemical markers (β-hCG) and biophysical measurements (Ultrasound), the system generates standardized Z-scores and categorizes findings into discrete risk levels.

Risk Assessment Logic

The engine evaluates data across two primary domains:

1. HCG Kinetics: Analyzes the rate of increase (doubling time) and absolute values relative to the estimated gestational age.
2. Ultrasound Biometry: Compares fetal measurements against established clinical nomograms to identify growth deviations.

Understanding Z-Scores

Z-scores represent the number of standard deviations a measurement is from the clinical mean for a specific gestational age.

• Z = 0: Exactly at the clinical mean.
• Positive Z-score: Measurement is larger than the average.
• Negative Z-score: Measurement is smaller than the average.

The system calculates Z-scores for the following parameters:

• GS (Gestational Sac): Internal diameter measurements.
• YS (Yolk Sac): Presence and diameter.
• CRL (Crown-Rump Length): Primary indicator of fetal growth.
• FHR (Fetal Heart Rate): Measured in beats per minute (bpm).

Risk Level Definitions

The analysis results categorize the pregnancy into one of three risk states:

| Risk Level | Description | | :--- | :--- | | LOW | Measurements fall within normal clinical ranges (typically +/- 2 standard deviations). | | MEDIUM | Minor deviations detected, or data suggests a need for a follow-up scan within 7–10 days. | | HIGH | Significant deviations detected (e.g., abnormally large Yolk Sac, low heart rate for CRL, or declining HCG levels). Immediate clinical consultation is recommended. |

Required Input Data

To generate a comprehensive risk assessment, users must provide the following data points via the Analysis or Entries tabs:

1. Clinical History

• LMP (Last Menstrual Period): Used to calculate the baseline gestational age.
• Cycle Length: Adjusts the expected ovulation date for high-precision HCG tracking.

2. Ultrasound Parameters

The system evaluates the following via the ultrasound_entries interface:

• GS Size (mm)
• YS Size (mm)
• CRL Size (mm)
• Heart Rate (bpm)

API Usage for Analysis

Developers can retrieve risk assessments and Z-score breakdowns through the analysis endpoints.

Retrieve Analysis Results

Returns a list of all calculated assessments for the authenticated user.

Endpoint: GET /api/analysis-results

Response Example:

[
  {
    "id": 101,
    "entryType": "ultrasound",
    "entryId": 45,
    "diagnosis": "Fetal growth consistent with gestational age.",
    "riskLevel": "LOW",
    "zScores": {
      "crl_z": 0.45,
      "gs_z": -0.12,
      "fhr_z": 1.10
    },
    "recommendations": [
      "Continue routine prenatal care",
      "Next scan recommended in 4 weeks"
    ],
    "createdAt": "2023-10-27T10:00:00Z"
  }
]

Analysis Result Schema

When integrating with the analysis_results table, the data structure follows this format:

| Field | Type | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | entry_type | text | The source of the analysis (hcg or ultrasound). | | risk_level | text | Categorization: LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH. | | z_scores | jsonb | Key-value pairs of calculated deviations. | | recommendations| jsonb | Array of suggested next steps. |

Clinical Disclaimer

Important: HCG AI is a supportive tool intended for data tracking and preliminary analysis. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All risk assessments generated by the system must be reviewed by a qualified healthcare provider. Do not disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information processed through this application.